Spain

Spain offers Mediterranean lifestyle, world-class culture, and the Beckham Law for tax optimization. While standard income tax reaches 54% (varying by region), new residents can access a flat 24% rate on Spanish income up to EUR 600K (47% above) for six years, with foreign income generally exempt.

Qualifying for the Beckham Law requires not having been Spanish tax resident in the prior 5 years. Since 2023, family members can also benefit. Standard capital gains run 19-30%. Wealth tax applies at 0.2-3.5%, and inheritance tax varies by region.

The Golden Visa real estate route was discontinued on April 3, 2025. The program had operated since 2013, issuing over 22,000 visas before housing affordability concerns led to its closure. Existing holders can renew, but no new property-based applications are accepted. Alternative routes (funds, job creation, shares) technically remain, though real estate drove 94% of applications.

Naturalization requires 10 years of residence. Digital nomads can access the Digital Nomad Visa launched in 2023, and the Non-lucrative Visa remains available for those with passive income.

Despite the Golden Visa closure, Spain remains attractive for its lifestyle, climate, EU membership, and Beckham Law benefits for those who qualify.